What Is Punishment, and Does It Really Work?

For millennia mankind has had rules, regulations and laws; to accompany these laws there has been punishment for breaching the rules. However, people still continue to break rules and laws. Punishment does have a deterrence effect for the majority of society, however, there is always that remainder percentage that does not heed the deterrence, these are the people we should be worried about, these are the people that consequence / rehabilitation and alternative programmes should be aimed at.
Mankind began with rules and punishment, and will always have rules and punishment to some level. We cannot change our fundamental instinct, so lets make this punishment purpose filled.
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